The United Nations International labor Organization reported that 12 million people worldwide are currently victims of human trafficking. 100,000 thousand of these victims are from Ukraine being transmitted to Turkey. Turkey has a large sex trafficking industry as buyers from the Western societies and the Middle East come to buy women as sex slaves. East Europe is found to be a large sex trafficking area that contributes to an enormous amount of women being transported. In the movie Women, Girls and Trafficking, women were showed being transported from Ukraine to Turkey to be sold as sex slaves. Many of these women were unaware and forces of poverty pushed them to take up ads that were believed to be factory or domestic jobs. After arriving to Turkey they soon come to find that they were just sold to one of the local pimps to be used as a sex worker. It is not uncommon though for women to willing allow themselves to be prostituted with promise of good pay, usually 1,000 to 2,000 per week. These offers are very intriguing as statistics show 70% of the worlds 1.3 billion absolute poor being women. Women in Ukraine and countries around Eastern Europe are offered 20 to 40 times what they could make given the state they are in. The harsh reality sets in though when they find themselves living in one bedroom apartments, with 10 other women, with five beds or less. They are forced to serve 20 to 30 customers a day, many without out condoms because of the increase in price, two three times higher. (Ukraine social assistance and victim support) There is very were few opportunities to escape once sold as the elites in the industry work closely together with the local police. One girl explained an incident when she was able to escape and report to the local authorities. Instead of helping her they drove her back to the pimp she had escaped from. Ukraine government officials and polices can be seen very corrupt. These countries located in and around Eastern Europe show why it is possible to allow for such a market to be established. Poverty and police corruption make it easy for members of the sex institution to operate successfully. Ukraine’s interior ministry reported progressive as numbers of prosecution increased from 3 in 2006 to 23 in 2007. These convictions usually resulted in probation instead of jail time. The percent of human traffickers receiving jail time has decreased in 2007 from 44 percent to 36 percent. So are Ukraine’s officials really making efforts to deter human trafficking from happening within their country? It almost seems that the increase in conviction was just a method to get out of the spotlight. Once statistics showed they appeared to be making reforms in 2007, they converted back to the corrupt system that allowed these illegal organization to operate.
The UN hires thousands of employees to aid in security around the world. Since are establishment of protectorate in 1995 Bosnia’s trafficking has increased astronomically. There is very mounting evidence that the UN played a role in covering up their involvement of personnel in human trafficking and prostitution. One of the company’s the UN employs is DynCorp Technical Services to help polices and provided maintenance support for the U.S. military, as well as recruiting American officers for the international police force. Kathryn Bolkovac, an American woman, worked for DynCorp and won a case against the UN after she was fired for reporting alleged prostitution racket involving other services officers. She recognized British and American officers, along with other UN officials around the world, being involved in supporting and contributing in the trafficking and prostitution of women within in Bosnia. Others have also reported different allegation against officials like David Lamb, a former Philadelphia officers who was stationed in the town of Bijeljina Bosnia. He made some of the same allegations against UN officers, about there major roles in the criminal infrastructure seen in Bosnia. Bosnian police spoke out against military forces, indicating military forces tipping-off brothel keeper in return for “gifts.” Instead of using UN forces to stop human trafficking and prostitution, they are instead aiding and protecting the criminal ring that conduct within the sex trafficking industry. We add to the corruption that is already instilled in Bosnia’s society. Instead of convicting these UN officials, they are instead charged with very low counts of sexual misconduct or is dismissed and sent home.
To help dismantle human trafficking and prostitution, the UN has sent officials to investigate and monitor their employees. This is the first step of many we need to make in order to disallow these illegal activities from continuing. In order to resist against these illegal organization from continuing their reign, the justice system needs to reestablish itself to serve more severe punishment for trafficking and forced prostitution. Conviction should not continue to be resolved with probation and minor offenses. The UN also needs to present harsher penalties for any involvement, in order to create greater deterrence within the justice system for participating in these illegal activities.
"The OSCE Project Co-ordinator and the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODHIR) launched the first national, toll-free hotline service in 2002, which complemented a network of seven regional hotlines in Ukraine. The service provides information and support for anyone who plans to go abroad for work, marriage or other reasons. It also assists in identifying potential victims".(http://www.osce.org/ukraine/item_2_177.html)
Since the establishment of the regional hotlines in 2000, 22,000 people have phoned for help and advice. The network was established through the co-operation of non-governmental organizations (NGOs): the national La Strada Ukraine in Kiev, and seven grass-root NGOs in Kharkiv, Luhansk, Odesa, Sevastopol, Ternopil, Uzhgorod and Mykolaiv.(http://www.osce.org/ukraine/item_2_177.html)
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http://www.osce.org/ukraine/item_2_177.html
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Friday, April 16, 2010
Thursday, April 8, 2010
15 sources
"Bananas, Beaches and Bases"> Cynthia Enloe- Really good insight on globalization. Talks about women's role in the sex industries. The negative effect globalization has on women in different countries. What the economies really like outside the resorts and beautiful beaches we vacation too.
"Disposable Women". Melissa Wright- Harsh environments in different manufacturing institutes in third world countries. How corporation exploit third world countries for their low wages and regulations. The harsh environment women have to experience while working at these factories.
www.thegateway.org/browse/2483- The Purposes of different institution in the global economy: ILO, WTO, NAFTA, IMF.
http://www.southerncenter.org/la_feb01_trade.pdf- Pros and Cons on free trade. Comparative advantage, threats to domestic industries.
http://www.imf.org/external/np/exr/Key/global.htm- Benefits gained from globalization and the risk that follow. The expansion of the world trade and the substantial benefits it provides for countries around the world
www.ifg.org/-Alliance formed to stimulate new thinking, joint activity, and public education in response to economic globalization and its impact
http://www.hrw.org/en/news/1996/08/16/mexicos-maquiladoras-abuses-against-women-workers- The treatment of the workers in the exporting factories in Maquiladoras Mexico. The sector is dominant by U.S. corporations.
www.humanrightsproject.org/vid_detail.php?film_id=1-"Behind the Labels"- The harsh conditions experienced in Saipan. Large immigration of Chinese and Filipinos experience harsh wages, a unhealthy environment, and a degrading social structure.
www.globalexchange.org/economy/coffee/- "Sweatshops in the field" Small coffee workers receive prices for there coffee that are lower then the production. This helps force them in a cycle of poverty and deep in debt.
globalpolicy.org- Up to date events occurring in the global economies. International controversy, political events, policy reforms.
washington.edu/sparke/global- History of the first known large integration of people brought together to commerce and trade. Starting with the silk road too trade routes in the new world and areas of the Caribbean.
www.capitalforcommunities.org/articles - A Article on the involvement U.S. had in organizing a covert war. The regulation the U.S. helps set on trade policy's. The invasion of U.S. corporations and the negative impact they have on the economies.
www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/1850.htm- Nicaragua's history on their government and economic production.
"Global Women," Barbara Ehrenreich, Arlie Russell Hochschild- How women our exploited in sweat shops. The harsh conditions that are forced upon them. Talks about the exploitations of domestic workers mainly in the UK where lots of women immigrate to find work. How they are treated and the low wages they experience.
"Global Village or Global Pillage," by Jermery Brecher and Tim Costell- Good insight on the exploitation taking place within factories in poorer countries. How workers fight back against unhealthy working environment. Talks about protest and worker joining together to fight for better labor, environmental, and social regulations. How these protest and strikes help to regulate better standards. Still even with reforms governments in areas like Maquiladoras in Mexico, they still will not let workers form unions to regulate wages.
"Disposable Women". Melissa Wright- Harsh environments in different manufacturing institutes in third world countries. How corporation exploit third world countries for their low wages and regulations. The harsh environment women have to experience while working at these factories.
www.thegateway.org/browse/2483- The Purposes of different institution in the global economy: ILO, WTO, NAFTA, IMF.
http://www.southerncenter.org/la_feb01_trade.pdf- Pros and Cons on free trade. Comparative advantage, threats to domestic industries.
http://www.imf.org/external/np/exr/Key/global.htm- Benefits gained from globalization and the risk that follow. The expansion of the world trade and the substantial benefits it provides for countries around the world
www.ifg.org/-Alliance formed to stimulate new thinking, joint activity, and public education in response to economic globalization and its impact
http://www.hrw.org/en/news/1996/08/16/mexicos-maquiladoras-abuses-against-women-workers- The treatment of the workers in the exporting factories in Maquiladoras Mexico. The sector is dominant by U.S. corporations.
www.humanrightsproject.org/vid_detail.php?film_id=1-"Behind the Labels"- The harsh conditions experienced in Saipan. Large immigration of Chinese and Filipinos experience harsh wages, a unhealthy environment, and a degrading social structure.
www.globalexchange.org/economy/coffee/- "Sweatshops in the field" Small coffee workers receive prices for there coffee that are lower then the production. This helps force them in a cycle of poverty and deep in debt.
globalpolicy.org- Up to date events occurring in the global economies. International controversy, political events, policy reforms.
washington.edu/sparke/global- History of the first known large integration of people brought together to commerce and trade. Starting with the silk road too trade routes in the new world and areas of the Caribbean.
www.capitalforcommunities.org/articles - A Article on the involvement U.S. had in organizing a covert war. The regulation the U.S. helps set on trade policy's. The invasion of U.S. corporations and the negative impact they have on the economies.
www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/1850.htm- Nicaragua's history on their government and economic production.
"Global Women," Barbara Ehrenreich, Arlie Russell Hochschild- How women our exploited in sweat shops. The harsh conditions that are forced upon them. Talks about the exploitations of domestic workers mainly in the UK where lots of women immigrate to find work. How they are treated and the low wages they experience.
"Global Village or Global Pillage," by Jermery Brecher and Tim Costell- Good insight on the exploitation taking place within factories in poorer countries. How workers fight back against unhealthy working environment. Talks about protest and worker joining together to fight for better labor, environmental, and social regulations. How these protest and strikes help to regulate better standards. Still even with reforms governments in areas like Maquiladoras in Mexico, they still will not let workers form unions to regulate wages.
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